Система сеток
Содержание:
- How it works
- Create First Web Page With Bootstrap
- Как отключить на Мегафоне
- Base nav
- Alignment
- Inline text elements
- Available styles
- Горизонтальная форма
- Examples
- II. Классы и компоненты
- Disabled state
- Example in navbar
- Условия вкладов
- Как получить и вернуть средства?
- Получаем лицензию на производство алкогольной продукции
- Sass mixins
- Z-index
- Usage
- Two Basic Bootstrap Pages
- Source files
How it works
Bootstrap’s grid system uses a series of containers, rows, and columns to layout and align content. It’s built with flexbox and is fully responsive. Below is an example and an in-depth look at how the grid comes together.
New to or unfamiliar with flexbox? for background, terminology, guidelines, and code snippets.
One of three columns
One of three columns
One of three columns
The above example creates three equal-width columns on small, medium, large, and extra large devices using our predefined grid classes. Those columns are centered in the page with the parent .
Breaking it down, here’s how it works:
- Containers provide a means to center and horizontally pad your site’s contents. Use for a responsive pixel width or for across all viewport and device sizes.
- Rows are wrappers for columns. Each column has horizontal (called a gutter) for controlling the space between them. This is then counteracted on the rows with negative margins. This way, all the content in your columns is visually aligned down the left side.
- In a grid layout, content must be placed within columns and only columns may be immediate children of rows.
- Thanks to flexbox, grid columns without a specified will automatically layout as equal width columns. For example, four instances of will each automatically be 25% wide from the small breakpoint and up. See the section for more examples.
- Column classes indicate the number of columns you’d like to use out of the possible 12 per row. So, if you want three equal-width columns across, you can use .
- Column s are set in percentages, so they’re always fluid and sized relative to their parent element.
- Columns have horizontal to create the gutters between individual columns, however, you can remove the from rows and from columns with on the .
- To make the grid responsive, there are five grid breakpoints, one for each : all breakpoints (extra small), small, medium, large, and extra large.
- Grid breakpoints are based on minimum width media queries, meaning they apply to that one breakpoint and all those above it (e.g., applies to small, medium, large, and extra large devices, but not the first breakpoint).
- You can use predefined grid classes (like ) or for more semantic markup.
Be aware of the limitations and bugs around flexbox, like the .
Create First Web Page With Bootstrap
1. Add the HTML5 doctype
Bootstrap uses HTML elements and CSS properties that require
the HTML5 doctype.
Always include the HTML5 doctype at the beginning of
the page, along with the lang attribute and the correct character set:
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang=»en»> <head> <meta charset=»utf-8″> </head></html>
2. Bootstrap 3 is mobile-first
Bootstrap 3 is designed to be responsive to mobile devices. Mobile-first styles are
part of the core framework.
To ensure proper rendering and touch zooming, add the following tag inside the
element:
<meta name=»viewport» content=»width=device-width, initial-scale=1″>
The part sets the width of the page to follow the screen-width
of the device (which will vary depending on the device).
The part sets the initial zoom level when the page is first loaded
by the browser.
3. Containers
Bootstrap also requires a containing element to wrap site contents.
There are two container classes to choose from:
- The class provides a responsive fixed width container
- The class provides a full width container, spanning the entire width of the viewport
.container
.container-fluid
Как отключить на Мегафоне
Так как оператор предлагает несколько видов ограничения связи, то и возврат будет зависеть от особенностей и широты подключения опции. Стоит пароль провайдера по умолчанию 0000. Легко заменить стандартный пароль на собственный, что позволит регулировать подключение и отключение.
Как правильно набрать команду:
- Запрет исходящих вызовов: #33*пароль#.
- Исходящих международных: #331*пароль#.
- Исходящих международных, кроме звонков в Россию — #332*пароль#.
- Запрет всех входящих: #35*пароль#.
Особенности услуги:
- Все запреты заменяются, то есть подключить можно один вариант.
- Неправильный трехкратный ввод пароль блокирует управление опцией, потребуется официальное письменное обращение в представительство.
Navigation available in Bootstrap share general markup and styles, from the base class to the active and disabled states. Swap modifier classes to switch between each style.
The base component is built with flexbox and provide a strong foundation for building all types of navigation components. It includes some style overrides (for working with lists), some link padding for larger hit areas, and basic disabled styling.
The base component does not include any state. The following examples include the class, mainly to demonstrate that this particular class does not trigger any special styling.
Classes are used throughout, so your markup can be super flexible. Use s like above, or roll your own with say a element. Because the uses , the nav links behave the same as nav items would, but without the extra markup.
Alignment
Use flexbox alignment utilities to vertically and horizontally align columns.
Vertical alignment
One of three columns
One of three columns
One of three columns
One of three columns
One of three columns
One of three columns
One of three columns
One of three columns
One of three columns
One of three columns
One of three columns
One of three columns
Horizontal alignment
One of two columns
One of two columns
One of two columns
One of two columns
One of two columns
One of two columns
One of two columns
One of two columns
One of two columns
One of two columns
No gutters
The gutters between columns in our predefined grid classes can be removed with . This removes the negative s from and the horizontal from all immediate children columns.
Here’s the source code for creating these styles. Note that column overrides are scoped to only the first children columns and are targeted via attribute selector. While this generates a more specific selector, column padding can still be further customized with spacing utilities.
Need an edge-to-edge design? Drop the parent or .
In practice, here’s how it looks. Note you can continue to use this with all other predefined grid classes (including column widths, responsive tiers, reorders, and more).
.col-12 .col-sm-6 .col-md-8
.col-6 .col-md-4
Column wrapping
If more than 12 columns are placed within a single row, each group of extra columns will, as one unit, wrap onto a new line.
.col-9
.col-4Since 9 + 4 = 13 > 12, this 4-column-wide div gets wrapped onto a new line as one contiguous unit.
.col-6Subsequent columns continue along the new line.
Column breaks
Breaking columns to a new line in flexbox requires a small hack: add an element with wherever you want to wrap your columns to a new line. Normally this is accomplished with multiple s, but not every implementation method can account for this.
.col-6 .col-sm-3
.col-6 .col-sm-3
.col-6 .col-sm-3
.col-6 .col-sm-3
You may also apply this break at specific breakpoints with our responsive display utilities.
.col-6 .col-sm-4
.col-6 .col-sm-4
.col-6 .col-sm-4
.col-6 .col-sm-4
Inline text elements
Styling for common inline HTML5 elements.
You can use the mark tag to highlight text.
This line of text is meant to be treated as deleted text.
This line of text is meant to be treated as no longer accurate.
This line of text will render as underlined
This line of text is meant to be treated as fine print.
This line rendered as bold text.
This line rendered as italicized text.
and classes are also available to apply the same styles as and while avoiding any unwanted semantic implications that the tags would bring.
While not shown above, feel free to use and in HTML5. is meant to highlight words or phrases without conveying additional importance while is mostly for voice, technical terms, etc.
Available styles
Change the style of s component with modifiers and utilities. Mix and match as needed, or build your own.
Horizontal alignment
Change the horizontal alignment of your nav with . By default, navs are left-aligned, but you can easily change them to center or right aligned.
Centered with :
Right-aligned with :
Vertical
Stack your navigation by changing the flex item direction with the utility. Need to stack them on some viewports but not others? Use the responsive versions (e.g., ).
As always, vertical navigation is possible without s, too.
Tabs
Takes the basic nav from above and adds the class to generate a tabbed interface. Use them to create tabbable regions with our .
Fill and justify
Force your ’s contents to extend the full available width one of two modifier classes. To proportionately fill all available space with your s, use . Notice that all horizontal space is occupied, but not every nav item has the same width.
When using a -based navigation, be sure to include on the anchors.
For equal-width elements, use . All horizontal space will be occupied by nav links, but unlike the above, every nav item will be the same width.
Similar to the example using a -based navigation, be sure to include on the anchors.
Горизонтальная форма
Вы можете использовать классы сетки Bootstrap для создания горизонтальных форм. Просто укажите, сколько колонок должен занимать каждый элемент. В частности, добавьте класс .row к .form-group и класс .col-*-* или .col-* для каждой колонки.
Вы также должны добавить класс .col-form-label к элементу <label>, чтобы метка относительно текстовых полей расположилась по центру вертикали.
<link rel=»stylesheet» href=»https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.min.css»>
<div class=»container»>
<form>
<div class=»form-group row»>
<label for=»first_name» class=»col-xs-3 col-form-label mr-2″>Имя</label>
<div class=»col-xs-9″>
<input type=»text» class=»form-control» id=»first_name» name=»first_name»>
</div>
</div>
<div class=»form-group row»>
<label for=»last_name» class=»col-xs-3 col-form-label mr-2″>Фамилия</label>
<div class=»col-xs-9″>
<input type=»text» class=»form-control» id=»last_name» name=»last_name»>
</div>
</div>
<div class=»form-group row»>
<div class=»offset-xs-3 col-xs-9″>
<button type=»submit» class=»btn btn-primary»>Отправить</button>
</div>
</div>
</form>
</div>
Bootstrap 4 против Bootstrap 3
Когда речь идёт о горизонтальных формах, имеются некоторые незначительные различия между Bootstrap 4 и Bootstrap 3.
Сетки
При использовании сеток для макета формы, Bootstrap 4 требует класс .row. Этот класс не является обязательным для форм Bootstrap 3 (хотя по прежнему обязателен для сеток Bootstrap 3).
Метки
Bootstrap 4 использует .col-form-label в сетке макета формы, тогда как Bootstrap 3 использует .control-label
Обратите внимание, что Bootstrap 4 изначально использовал .form-control-label, но впоследствии заменил его на .col-form-label.
Класс .form-horizontal
Bootstrap 3 требует класс .form-horizontal, тогда как Bootstrap 4 нет.
Examples
Alerts are available for any length of text, as well as an optional dismiss button. For proper styling, use one of the eight required contextual classes (e.g., ). For inline dismissal, use the .
A simple primary alert—check it out!
A simple secondary alert—check it out!
A simple success alert—check it out!
A simple danger alert—check it out!
A simple warning alert—check it out!
A simple info alert—check it out!
A simple light alert—check it out!
A simple dark alert—check it out!
Conveying meaning to assistive technologies
Using color to add meaning only provides a visual indication, which will not be conveyed to users of assistive technologies – such as screen readers. Ensure that information denoted by the color is either obvious from the content itself (e.g. the visible text), or is included through alternative means, such as additional text hidden with the class.
Link color
Use the utility class to quickly provide matching colored links within any alert.
A simple primary alert with . Give it a click if you like.
A simple secondary alert with . Give it a click if you like.
A simple success alert with . Give it a click if you like.
A simple danger alert with . Give it a click if you like.
A simple warning alert with . Give it a click if you like.
A simple info alert with . Give it a click if you like.
A simple light alert with . Give it a click if you like.
A simple dark alert with . Give it a click if you like.
Additional content
Alerts can also contain additional HTML elements like headings, paragraphs and dividers.
Well done!
Aww yeah, you successfully read this important alert message. This example text is going to run a bit longer so that you can see how spacing within an alert works with this kind of content.
Whenever you need to, be sure to use margin utilities to keep things nice and tidy.
Dismissing
Using the alert JavaScript plugin, it’s possible to dismiss any alert inline. Here’s how:
- Be sure you’ve loaded the alert plugin, or the compiled Bootstrap JavaScript.
- If you’re building our JavaScript from source, it . The compiled version includes this.
- Add a dismiss button and the class, which adds extra padding to the right of the alert and positions the button.
- On the dismiss button, add the attribute, which triggers the JavaScript functionality. Be sure to use the element with it for proper behavior across all devices.
- To animate alerts when dismissing them, be sure to add the and classes.
You can see this in action with a live demo:
Holy guacamole! You should check in on some of those fields below.
×
II. Классы и компоненты
глава третья
Оформление контента
- Оформление и работа с текстом
- Стилизация HTML списков
- Средства Bootstrap для оформления изображений
-
Оформление HTML таблиц
- CSS для HTML элемента figure
-
Классы платформы для HTML форм
-
Примеры оформления форм
-
Вспомогательные классы
- Оформление заголовков
глава четвёртая
Компоненты
-
Breadcrumb (навигационные
цепочки, хлебные крошки) -
Collapse и создание на базе него
аккордеона -
Dropdowns (выпадающие
списки) -
Jumbotron
(оформление ключевой информации) -
Modal (модальные окна для
веб-страницы) -
Navs (навигационные
блоки) -
Navbar (основное меню
сайта) -
Panels (Bootstrap 3
панели) - Popovers (всплывающие панели)
-
Scrollspy (выделение ссылок на
основании положения прокрутки) - Tabs (Bootstrap 3 вкладки)
-
Thumbnails (Bootstrap 3
галерея) - Alerts (сообщения)
- Badges (бейджи)
- Buttons (кнопки)
- Carousel (карусель)
- Pagination (навигационный блок для пагинации)
- Progress (индикаторы выполнения)
- Tooltips (всплывающие подсказки)
только для Bootstrap 3
- Иконки Glyphicons
-
Affix (sticky-позиционирование
элементов)
только для Bootstrap 4
- Card (карточка)
- Spinners (Спиннеры)
- Navbar (основное меню)
глава пятая
Классы помощники
-
Управление отображением элементов (Bootstrap 4)
-
Классы для работы с flexbox (Bootstrap 4)
-
Управление margin и padding отступами (Bootstrap 4)
-
Управление границами и скруглениями углов элементов (Bootstrap 4)
Disabled state
Make buttons look inactive by adding the boolean attribute to any element.
Primary button
Button
Disabled buttons using the element behave a bit different:
- s don’t support the attribute, so you must add the class to make it visually appear disabled.
- Some future-friendly styles are included to disable all on anchor buttons. In browsers which support that property, you won’t see the disabled cursor at all.
- Disabled buttons should include the attribute to indicate the state of the element to assistive technologies.
Link functionality caveat
The class uses to try to disable the link functionality of s, but that CSS property is not yet standardized. In addition, even in browsers that do support , keyboard navigation remains unaffected, meaning that sighted keyboard users and users of assistive technologies will still be able to activate these links. So to be safe, add a attribute on these links (to prevent them from receiving keyboard focus) and use custom JavaScript to disable their functionality.
The ScrollSpy plugin is for automatically updating nav targets based on scroll position. Scroll the area below the navbar and watch the active class change. The dropdown sub items will be highlighted as well.
Toggle navigation
@fat
Ad leggings keytar, brunch id art party dolor labore. Pitchfork yr enim lo-fi before they sold out qui. Tumblr farm-to-table bicycle rights whatever. Anim keffiyeh carles cardigan. Velit seitan mcsweeney’s photo booth 3 wolf moon irure. Cosby sweater lomo jean shorts, williamsburg hoodie minim qui you probably haven’t heard of them et cardigan trust fund culpa biodiesel wes anderson aesthetic. Nihil tattooed accusamus, cred irony biodiesel keffiyeh artisan ullamco consequat.
@mdo
Veniam marfa mustache skateboard, adipisicing fugiat velit pitchfork beard. Freegan beard aliqua cupidatat mcsweeney’s vero. Cupidatat four loko nisi, ea helvetica nulla carles. Tattooed cosby sweater food truck, mcsweeney’s quis non freegan vinyl. Lo-fi wes anderson +1 sartorial. Carles non aesthetic exercitation quis gentrify. Brooklyn adipisicing craft beer vice keytar deserunt.
one
Occaecat commodo aliqua delectus. Fap craft beer deserunt skateboard ea. Lomo bicycle rights adipisicing banh mi, velit ea sunt next level locavore single-origin coffee in magna veniam. High life id vinyl, echo park consequat quis aliquip banh mi pitchfork. Vero VHS est adipisicing. Consectetur nisi DIY minim messenger bag. Cred ex in, sustainable delectus consectetur fanny pack iphone.
two
In incididunt echo park, officia deserunt mcsweeney’s proident master cleanse thundercats sapiente veniam. Excepteur VHS elit, proident shoreditch +1 biodiesel laborum craft beer. Single-origin coffee wayfarers irure four loko, cupidatat terry richardson master cleanse. Assumenda you probably haven’t heard of them art party fanny pack, tattooed nulla cardigan tempor ad. Proident wolf nesciunt sartorial keffiyeh eu banh mi sustainable. Elit wolf voluptate, lo-fi ea portland before they sold out four loko. Locavore enim nostrud mlkshk brooklyn nesciunt.
three
Ad leggings keytar, brunch id art party dolor labore. Pitchfork yr enim lo-fi before they sold out qui. Tumblr farm-to-table bicycle rights whatever. Anim keffiyeh carles cardigan. Velit seitan mcsweeney’s photo booth 3 wolf moon irure. Cosby sweater lomo jean shorts, williamsburg hoodie minim qui you probably haven’t heard of them et cardigan trust fund culpa biodiesel wes anderson aesthetic. Nihil tattooed accusamus, cred irony biodiesel keffiyeh artisan ullamco consequat.
Keytar twee blog, culpa messenger bag marfa whatever delectus food truck. Sapiente synth id assumenda. Locavore sed helvetica cliche irony, thundercats you probably haven’t heard of them consequat hoodie gluten-free lo-fi fap aliquip. Labore elit placeat before they sold out, terry richardson proident brunch nesciunt quis cosby sweater pariatur keffiyeh ut helvetica artisan. Cardigan craft beer seitan readymade velit. VHS chambray laboris tempor veniam. Anim mollit minim commodo ullamco thundercats.
Условия вкладов
Как получить и вернуть средства?
Получаем лицензию на производство алкогольной продукции
С начала нынешнего года в России вступили в силу нормативно-правовые акты, которые в народе уже окрестили «законом о самогоноварении». Теперь контроль за любителями гнать домашнее зелье будет строже. Однако значит ли это, что государство решило наложить полный запрет на производство самогона? Комментирует новации наш постоянный эксперт Роман Савичев, генеральный директор ОАО «Юридическое агентство «СРВ», которое в профессиональной среде признано одним из крупнейших в России, согласно данным рейтинга авторитетного портала Право.ру.
– Поправки, ужесточающие ответственность для самогонщиков, внесены депутатами в ст. 14.17 КоАП и Федеральный закон № 171 «О государственном регулировании производства и оборота этилового спирта…», который был принят еще в 1995 году, – отмечает Роман Савичев. – Нововведения потребовались в связи с двумя острыми проблемами. Первая: значительно вырос незаконный оборот левого алкоголя, производимого кустарным способом, в т. ч. так называемыми «гаражными самогонщиками», что, понятно, негативно влияет на пополнение казны акцизами. Вторая проблема вытекает из первой: низкокачественное зелье не только подрывает здоровье нации, но и все чаще приводит к летальному исходу. За примерами далеко ходить не надо: у всех еще в памяти трагедия, которая произошла в 2016 году в Иркутске, где 76 человек погибли, отравившись спиртосодержащими суррогатами…
С самогоноварением в нашей стране пытались бороться всегда, но без особого успеха. В 50-х годах прошлого века оно каралось штрафом в 100 рублей и общественными работами. Потом наказание ужесточили, самогонщиков стали сажать на срок от 2 до 7 лет, а часто и с конфискацией имущества.
Дошло до того, что некоторые колхозы стали испытывать нехватку работников, поэтому от драконовских мер пришлось отказаться. Очередной расцвет самогоноварения пришелся на горбачевский «сухой закон» (1985 г.), сопровождавшийся вырубкой виноградников.
Sass mixins
When using Bootstrap’s source Sass files, you have the option of using Sass variables and mixins to create custom, semantic, and responsive page layouts. Our predefined grid classes use these same variables and mixins to provide a whole suite of ready-to-use classes for fast responsive layouts.
Variables
Variables and maps determine the number of columns, the gutter width, and the media query point at which to begin floating columns. We use these to generate the predefined grid classes documented above, as well as for the custom mixins listed below.
Example usage
You can modify the variables to your own custom values, or just use the mixins with their default values. Here’s an example of using the default settings to create a two-column layout with a gap between.
Main content
Secondary content
Z-index
Several Bootstrap components utilize , the CSS property that helps control layout by providing a third axis to arrange content. We utilize a default z-index scale in Bootstrap that’s been designed to properly layer navigation, tooltips and popovers, modals, and more.
These higher values start at an arbitrary number, high and specific enough to ideally avoid conflicts. We need a standard set of these across our layered components—tooltips, popovers, navbars, dropdowns, modals—so we can be reasonably consistent in the behaviors. There’s no reason we couldn’t have used + or +.
We don’t encourage customization of these individual values; should you change one, you likely need to change them all.
To handle overlapping borders within components (e.g., buttons and inputs in input groups), we use low single digit values of , , and for default, hover, and active states. On hover/focus/active, we bring a particular element to the forefront with a higher value to show their border over the sibling elements.
Usage
Use the affix plugin via data attributes or manually with your own JavaScript. In both situations, you must provide CSS for the positioning and width of your affixed content.
Note: Do not use the affix plugin on an element contained in a relatively positioned element, such as a pulled or pushed column, due to a Safari rendering bug.
Positioning via CSS
The affix plugin toggles between three classes, each representing a particular state: , , and . You must provide the styles, with the exception of on , for these classes yourself (independent of this plugin) to handle the actual positions.
Here’s how the affix plugin works:
- To start, the plugin adds to indicate the element is in its top-most position. At this point no CSS positioning is required.
- Scrolling past the element you want affixed should trigger the actual affixing. This is where replaces and sets (provided by Bootstrap’s CSS).
- If a bottom offset is defined, scrolling past it should replace with . Since offsets are optional, setting one requires you to set the appropriate CSS. In this case, add when necessary. The plugin uses the data attribute or JavaScript option to determine where to position the element from there.
Follow the above steps to set your CSS for either of the usage options below.
Via data attributes
To easily add affix behavior to any element, just add to the element you want to spy on. Use offsets to define when to toggle the pinning of an element.
Options
Options can be passed via data attributes or JavaScript. For data attributes, append the option name to , as in .
| Name | type | default | description |
|---|---|---|---|
| offset | number | function | object | 10 | Pixels to offset from screen when calculating position of scroll. If a single number is provided, the offset will be applied in both top and bottom directions. To provide a unique, bottom and top offset just provide an object or . Use a function when you need to dynamically calculate an offset. |
| target | selector | node | jQuery element | the object | Specifies the target element of the affix. |
Methods
Activates your content as affixed content. Accepts an optional options .
Recalculates the state of the affix based on the dimensions, position, and scroll position of the relevant elements. The , , and classes are added to or removed from the affixed content according to the new state. This method needs to be called whenever the dimensions of the affixed content or the target element are changed, to ensure correct positioning of the affixed content.
Events
Bootstrap’s affix plugin exposes a few events for hooking into affix functionality.
| Event Type | Description |
|---|---|
| affix.bs.affix | This event fires immediately before the element has been affixed. |
| affixed.bs.affix | This event is fired after the element has been affixed. |
| affix-top.bs.affix | This event fires immediately before the element has been affixed-top. |
| affixed-top.bs.affix | This event is fired after the element has been affixed-top. |
| affix-bottom.bs.affix | This event fires immediately before the element has been affixed-bottom. |
| affixed-bottom.bs.affix | This event is fired after the element has been affixed-bottom. |
Two Basic Bootstrap Pages
The following example shows the code for a basic Bootstrap page (with a responsive fixed width container):
Example
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang=»en»><head> <title>Bootstrap Example</title> <meta charset=»utf-8″> <meta name=»viewport» content=»width=device-width, initial-scale=1″> <link rel=»stylesheet» href=»https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.4.1/css/bootstrap.min.css»>
<script src=»https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.5.1/jquery.min.js»></script>
<script src=»https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.4.1/js/bootstrap.min.js»></script>
</head><body><div class=»container»> <h1>My First Bootstrap Page</h1> <p>This is some text.</p> </div></body></html>
The following example shows the code for a basic Bootstrap page (with a full width container):
Example
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang=»en»><head> <title>Bootstrap Example</title> <meta charset=»utf-8″> <meta name=»viewport» content=»width=device-width, initial-scale=1″> <link rel=»stylesheet» href=»https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.4.1/css/bootstrap.min.css»>
<script src=»https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.5.1/jquery.min.js»></script>
<script src=»https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.4.1/js/bootstrap.min.js»></script></head><body><div class=»container-fluid»> <h1>My First Bootstrap Page</h1> <p>This is some text.</p> </div></body></html>
❮ Previous
Next ❯
